Application

Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate has been used as a protein kinase C (PKC) activator to study its effects on human organic anion transporter 4 (hOAT4) activity. It has also been used as a PKC activator to analyze its effects on galectin-3 expression and matrix production in HL-1 cells.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). It is more hydrophilic than phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which facilitates washing PDBu out of cells in tissue culture. PDBu activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which in turn correlates with PKC α and ε expression.

Caution

Photosensitive

Features and Benefits

Less hydrophobic then PMA, making it easier to wash out of cells in tissue culture.

Packaging

1 mg in ampule

Reconstitution

Stock solution cannot be made in aqueous media; dissolve in a water-miscible organic solvent before dilution to working concentrations in aqueous media.